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Based on the requirements of the standardized training for the community nurses, this study constructs an informatization platform on the overall design, and improves the content modules of the platform. The standardized training mode of community nurses has been constructed through team building and division of labors. After application of the platform, the participation rate, assessment of theoretical knowledge and operational skills and professional identity of standardized training for community nurses have been improved. The standardized training platform for community nurses has optimized the teaching resources and improved the teaching effect, worthy of application and promotion.
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Based on the requirements of the standardized training for the community nurses, this study constructs an informatization platform on the overall design, and improves the content modules of the platform. The standardized training mode of community nurses has been constructed through team building and division of labors. After application, the participation rate, assessment of theoretical knowledge and operational skills and professional identity of standardized training for community nurses have been improved. The standardized training platform for community nurses has optimized the teaching resources and improved the teaching effect, worthy of application and promotion.
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Objective To study anxiety and depression status in patients with industrial hand injury at admission and look into the influencing factors. Method A total of 154 patients who had industrial hand injury were enrolled in the investigation by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS)and self-rating depression scale (SDS)into mental status of patients once at admission. Results The incidence rates of anxiety and depression were 40.9%(63/154)and 37.0%(57/154),respectively.21.4%(33/154)of the patients had both anxiety and depression.The data from SPSS22.0 software and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety and depression were closely related to age,hand function and education.Conclusion The incidences of anxiety and depression in patients with hand injury and work-related injury is significantly higher than that of healthy people, which is closely related to their age, education and hand function.
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The hippocampus and olfactory bulb incorporate new neurons migrating from neurogenic regions in the brain. Hippocampal atrophy is evident in numerous neurodegenerative disorders, and altered hippocampal neurogenesis is an early pathological event in Alzheimer's disease. We hypothesized that hippocampal neurogenesis is affected by olfactory stimuli through the neural pathway of olfaction-related memory. In this study, we exposed mice to novel pleasant odors for three weeks and then assessed the number of neurons, non-neuronal cells (mainly glia) and proliferating cells in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb, using the isotropic fractionator method. We found that the odor enrichment significantly increased the neuronal cell numbers in the hippocampus, and promoted cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. In contrast, the glial cell numbers remained unchanged in both of the regions. Our results suggest that exposure to novel odor stimuli promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and support the idea that enriched environments may delay the onset or slow down the progression of neurodegenerative disorders.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Alzheimer Disease , Atrophy , Brain , Cell Count , Cell Proliferation , Hippocampus , Memory , Methods , Neural Pathways , Neurodegenerative Diseases , Neurogenesis , Neuroglia , Neurons , Odorants , Olfactory BulbABSTRACT
@#Objective To explore the effect of early pressure therapy during sensory training on functional recovery after island skin flap repairing vitia of thumb ventral. Methods From January, 2016 to July, 2017, 63 patients accepted island skin flap repairing vitia of thumb ventral were divided into control group (n=31) and observation group (n=32) according to the order of hosptalization. The control group accepted routine sensory training, while the observation group accepted early pressure therapy in addition. Their swelling, scars and sensory function were observed after treatment. Results The swelling and scars were milder, and the sensory function was better in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Combination with early pressure therapy during sensory training may promote the recovery of sensory function and fadeaway of swelling, and alleviate the formation of scar.
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Objective To establish a training program of nurses in the department of orthopedicsbased on the Miller pyramid competency model.Methods Based on G.Miller's pyramid principle,the training program forspecialized nurses in department of orthopedics was constructed by referring to the training program at home and abroad and Combining withthe characteristics of orthopedics nursing work.We used Delphy Method with questionnaires fortworounds in making a consultation to 21experts and carried out statistical analysis.Results The rate of valid questionnaire was 100％.The authority coefficient of expert consultation was from 0.79 to 1.0,the expert coordination coefficient for all indicators is 0.49/0.37/0.25,respectively.Based on the Miller pyramid model,a training scheme for orthopedic nurses was constructed.It included 4 first level indicators,11 secondary indicators and,58 third level indicators.Conclusion The positivecoefficient and authority coefficient of the experts were higher and the results were reliable.The training program of orthopedic nurses is of practical value.
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Objective To investigate application effect of strengthened night nursing to the prevent of vascular crisis in patients after finger replantation. Methods A total of 155 patients with finger replantation in Hand surgery from February 2014 to February 2016 were selected as research object, 90 cases from March 2015 to February 2016 with strengthened night nursing were as the observation group,65 cases from February 2014 to February 2015 with routine nursing were as the control group. The two groups were compared of limb replantation success rate, vascular crisis rate and nursing satisfaction. Results The replantation success rate in the observation group was 90.00%(81/90)higher than 76.92%(50/65)in the control group,the occurrence of vascular crisis rate was 11.11%(10/90)lower than 27.69%(18/65)in the control group,the success rate was 7/10 higher than 10/18 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.932, 7.013, 4.216, all P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was (94.32 ± 3.57) points, 93.33%(84/90) higher than (91.22 ± 4.48) points, 83.08%(54/65) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.789, χ2=4.071, P<0.05). Conclusions Strengthened night nursing can effectively prevent vascular crisis in patients after finger replantation,improve nursing satisfaction of patients.
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The subgranular zone (SGZ) and subventricular zone (SVZ) are developmental remnants of the germinal regions of the brain, hence they retain the ability to generate neuronal progenitor cells in adult life. Neurogenesis in adult brain has an adaptive function because newly produced neurons can integrate into and modify existing neuronal circuits. In contrast to the SGZ and SVZ, other brain regions have a lower capacity to produce new neurons, and this usually occurs via parenchymal and periventricular cell genesis. Compared to neurogenesis, gliogenesis occurs more prevalently in the adult mammalian brain. Under certain circumstances, interaction occurs between neurogenesis and gliogenesis, facilitating glial cells to transform into neuronal lineage. Therefore, modulating the balance between neurogenesis and gliogenesis may present a new perspective for neurorestoration, especially in diseases associated with altered neurogenesis and/or gliogenesis, cell loss, or disturbed homeostasis of cellular constitution. The present review discusses important neuroanatomical features of adult neurogenesis and gliogenesis, aiming to explore how these processes could be modulated toward functional repair of the adult brain.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Aging , Brain , Constitution and Bylaws , Homeostasis , Lateral Ventricles , Neurogenesis , Neuroglia , Neurons , Stem CellsABSTRACT
Objective To find ways to reduce vascular crisis of the patients undergoing replantation of severed fingers by pain, adverse analgesics and sleep quality with auricular seeds pressing. Methods 310 digital replantation patients were divided into 2 groups according to admission time. There were 155 cases in the traditional group treated with routine postoperative care ,while 155 cases in the controlled group treated with routine postoperative care plus auricular seeds pressing. Results The scores of pain, adverse analgesics and sleep quality in two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The rate of vascular crisis of the traditional group [18.06%(28/155)] was much more higher than the controlled group [5.16%(8/155)], the difference was significant, χ2=12.571, P < 0.01. Conclusion In digital replantation, auricular seeds pressing was effective to pain relieving, constipation and reduce adverse reactions, and could significantly improve sleeping time and survival rate of the severed fingers.
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@#Objective To observe the effect of mirror therapy and sensory reeducation on sensory function recovery after thumb recon-struction with second toe transplantation. Methods Forty patients after thumb reconstruction with second toe transplantation from January, 2011 to January, 2014 were divided into control group (n=20) and training group (n=20). Both groups accepted routine nursing and rehabili-tation, while the training group accepted mirror therapy and sensory reeducation training in addition. They were followed up for six to eigh-teen months after operation (average 9.3 months) with the two-point discrimination (2-PD) of transplanted toe pulp. Results 2-PD was (7.15±1.15) mm in the training group, very shorter than (10.23±2.23) mm of the control group (t=5.4898, P<0.001). Conclusion The mirror therapy combined with sensory reeducation training can improve the sensory function of the finger pulp that transplanted from the second toe.
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Objective To explore the population-genetics characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) prevailing at the Sichuan basin of China.Methods A total of 413 MTB strains collected from Sichuan basin were genotyped by large sequence polymorphism (LSP) and 15 loci variable number tandem repeat (VNTR).Difference between the distribution of lineage population was analyzed by x 2-test and the discriminatory ability of each VNTR locus was evaluated under the Hunter-Gaston Discriminatory Index (HGI).Both phylogeny on population level and genetic structure were demonstrated through N-J tree and the Minimal Spanning Tree (MST).Genetic differentiation of different lineage strains was analyzed by Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA).Time of the Most Recent Common Ancestor (TMRCA) was calculated based on the Bayesian model.Results Four hundred and thirteen MTBs were divided into two major lineages,in which the Beijing lineage accounted for 56.2％ (232/413) and the Euro-American lineage for 43.8％ (181/413).There was no significant difference of population distribution between the two lineages (P＞0.05).The N-J tree of Beijing lineage MTB presented distinctly "star-like" and 72.4％ strains were grouped to one clonal complex in MST.The Euro-American lineages MTB presented "branch-like" in N-J tree and were grouped into multiple clonal complexes in MST.There was significant genetic differentiation in Beijing lineage MTBs between Chongqing and Sichuan (FST=0.018 91,P＜0.05),but not in the Euro-American lineage MTB (FST=0.005 19,P＞0.05).TMRCA of the largest clonal complex in Euro-American lineage MTB appeared to be 723 (95％ CI:517-946) years.Conclusion Both Beijing lineage and Euro-American lineage MTBs were competitively prevalent in the Sichuan basin.There was some difference noticed between the two lineages referring to genetic differentiation.The invasion of Euro-American lineages MTB to the basin area might be associated with a war occurred in this area about 720 years ago.
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Objective To explore the application and effects of bone lengthening growth diary in self management of patients after lower limb lengthening. Methods A total of 54 cases applying lower limb lengthening were divided into the experimental group (n=28) and the control group (n=26) with random digit table. The basic treatment was consistent, the control group was given routine guidance, the experi-mental group implemented self- management with bone lengthening growth diary. Self- recognition of disease was assessed and compared between the two groups 12 weeks after operation. Self- efficacy and self- manage ment were assessed and compared between the two groups 2 and 12 weeks after operation. Results The self- recognition of disease in the observation group was better than that of the control group, for patients with higher self- recognition degree (21 cases vs. 10 cases), χ2=8.64, P<0.05, the difference was significantly different. The total scores of self- efficacy and self- management in the observation group were higher than those of the control group,(48. 42±3.43) vs.(34.14±4.13),t=11.750, P<0.01;(55.35±2.69) vs.(42.15±3.67), t=15.130, P<0.01, the difference was significantly different. Conclusions Bone lengthening growth diary plays a beneficial role on self-management of patients with lower limb lengthening.
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This paper introduces the history of Ilizarov technology,led to the design and application of Bone Lengthening Growth Diary,and describes the specific application effect.On this basis,to think about Bone Lengthe-ning Growth Diary’ clincial application:constantly improve the nurses’ professional level; follow the basic princi-ples of medical ethics;strengthen the doctor-patient communication and humanstic care.
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Objective To explore the clinical nursing methods for the treatment of the skin degloving injury in foot by the combination of free femoral anterolateral skin flap transplantation and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technique. Methods From January 2010 to January 2014, 18 cases of the skin degloving injury in foot were treated by debridement and implant skin, negative pressure drainage and irrigation at first period, then the operation to repair the foot wound by transplant femoral anterolateral skin flap were done at second period. Nurses applied the key technology of VSD into postoperative nursing. Nurses should master the observation method and characteristics for the flow of blood to the flap skin, the method for foot position nursing, afford effective analgesic care, and flap local high flow oxygen therapy,improve the local tissue oxygen partial pressure and introduce the foot early functional exercise during postoperative. Results Eighteen cases flaps all survived. Clients were followed-up for 6 to 12 months,the discovery showed that all of the clients had good flap blood supply,the skin was soft and elastic,and the function of foot were recovered well. Conclusions The combination of of free femoral anterolateral skin flap transplantation and VSD technique apply into foot degloving injury repairation postoperative care,by application of high quality nursing, it really can improve the success rate of surgery and reduce the pain for clients.
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Objective To evaluate application effects of mind map in standardized training courses for the new nurses.Method 73 new nurses who graduated for 1-3 years were random divided into an experimental group (n=37) and a control group (n=36).Nursing department organized standardized training course for 73 new nurses for one year.The control group used conventional teaching methods,while the experimental group introduced mind mapping in teaching.Effects were evaluated after one year.Results The average scores of both theory and operation examination in experimental group were better than the control group,and there was significant difference between two groups (P=0.002,0.000).The score of critical thinking ability:the total score of experimental group was (303.89 ±23.81),higher than the total score of the control group (280.36 ± 17.22),and the total score and seven dimension score difference had statistical significance(P＜0.05,for all).Besides,the total score of selfstudy ability in the experimental group (126.54 ± 5.65),was higher than those in the control group (116.58-± 6.36),and the total score and four dimension score difference had statistical significance (P＜0.05).Conclusion Using mind mapping in the standardized training courses for nurses can arouse nurses' interest in learning,improve their critical thinking skills and autonomous self-study ability,and enhance the effectiveness of training.
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Objective To study the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and its immune-modulating mechanisms. Methods 1,25-(OH)2D3 were given to Lewis rats immunized with myelin basic protein (MBP) in complete Freud’s adjuvant (CFA) respectively on the same day of immunization (the prevented group) and the presenting day of symptoms (the treated group). Then clinical symptoms were scored until the 13th day after immunization, when rats were sacrificed. Mononuclear cells (MNC) in draining lymph nodes were collected for the following studies: (1)Total number of MNC in the lymph nodes were counted. (2) Numbers of CD~+4CD~+ 25 cells and CD~+ 86 cells were determinated by flow cytometry. (3) The concentrations of interferon(IFN)-? and interleukin(IL)-4 in cell culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Results 1,25-(OH)2D3 could delay the peak EAE severity in the prevented group while it could relieve the progression of EAE and lower the peak score in the treated group (3.3?0.6 vs 4.0?0.3, P
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Objective To study the prophylactic effects of nasal tolerance with a dual analogue (Lys262-Ala207) on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and observe the underlying mechanisms, the clinical and immunological changes in Lewis rats treated with dual analogue nasally. Methods The effects of the predetermined dosage of a dual analogue Lys262-Ala207 were compared at different time points, and the dual analogues or control peptides were given nasally before (Group A or CA) or on the day (Group B or CB) of immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in complete Freund's adjuvant for 10 consecutive days. The clinical scores were evaluated for 50 days after immunization. The levels of anti-AChR IgG in serum were tested by RIA. Proliferative responses of lymphocytes to no antigen, Lys262-Ala207, AChR, AChR-?100-116, MBP peptide, or Con A were tested. The numbers of mononuclear cells expressing CD4 and/or CD25 from lymph nodes were enumerated using flow cytometry. Results As compared with the corresponding control groups, Lewis rats in group A or B developed EAMG with reduced severity and loss of AChR within the neuromuscular junction. The levels of anti-AChR IgG (21.96?3.37 and 29.41?4.59) were also decreased. Proliferative responses were suppressed in response to antigen-specific stimulations in rats receiving dual analogue, whereas the numbers of CD4+CD25+ T cells were higher in group A (11.34%?1.62%) and B (8.68%?1.83%) than in their corresponding control groups. Conclusions Nasal administration with a dual analogue Lys262-Ala207, at two different time points before and on the day of immunization ameliorated muscular weakness in EAMG rats associated with decreased levels of anti-AChR IgG in serum, suppressed antigen-specific T cell proliferation and increased numbers of CD4+CD25+ T cells from lymph nodes as compared to rats receiving control peptides. The results of our study suggest that the mucosal tolerance with dual analogue should be served as an alternative maneuver in human MG.
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Objective To study the effect of nasal tolerance with a dual analogue (Lys262 Ala207) on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and the underlying mechanisms, the clinical and immunological changes were observed in Lewis rats treated with dual analogue Methods Different doses of dual analogues were given to Lewis rats immunized with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in complete Freud's adjuvant (CFA) and the medium dosage was chosen in the following studies As comparing the effects of treatment of the predetermined dosage of dual analogue at different time points, the body weight and clinical symptoms of Lewis rats immunized with AChR in CFA were evaluated The levels of anti AChR IgG in serum were tested by ELISA Proliferative responses of lymphocytes to no antigen, AChR, dual analogue, control MBP peptide, MBP, or Con A were tested Results Lewis rats receiving dual analogue nasally for 10 consecutive days at the time of immunization (Group A) or the first day after complete remission from the acute phase of the disease (Group B) sparsely developed EAMG with reduced severity than the corresponding control groups The subsiding disease was associated with decreased amount of anti AChR IgG in serum expressed as optic density ( A ) at 405 nm On day 35 post immunization, the A values in group B vs control group were 0 95?0 26 and 1 19?0 12, respectively Proliferative responses expressed as stimulation index (SI) were suppressed in response to antigen specific stimulations in rats receiving dual analogue as compared with rats receiving control peptide For instance, the values of SI in response to AChR in group A and control group were 1 71?0 78 and 3 24?1 31, respectively Those values were suppressed to a less extent in group B vs control group (1 97?0 56 vs 3 19? 1 50) Conclusions Nasal administration of a dual analogue Lys262 Ala207, at two different time points post immunization should ameliorate muscular weakness in EAMG rats involved in decreased levels of anti AChR antibodies and antigen specific T cell proliferation